As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on October 5, 2021

Registration Statement No. 333-_________ 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM S-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

DIAMEDICA THERAPEUTICS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Two Carlson Parkway, Suite 260

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55447

(763) 312-6755

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Rick Pauls

President and Chief Executive Officer

DiaMedica Therapeutics Inc.

Two Carlson Parkway, Suite 260

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55447

(763) 312-6755

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after this registration statement becomes effective.

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box: ☐

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box: ☑

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register addi‐tional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☒

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission becomes effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and neither we nor the selling shareholders are soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale of these securities is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED OCTOBER 5, 2021

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

7,653,060 COMMON SHARES

This prospectus relates to the resale, from time to time, of up to an aggregate of 7,653,060 common shares, no par value per share, of DiaMedica Therapeutics Inc. by the selling shareholders named in this prospectus, including their respective donees, pledgees, transferees, assignees or other successors-in-interest. The selling shareholders acquired these shares from us pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2021 pursuant to which we issued 7,653,060 common shares at a purchase price of $3.92 per share.

We are not selling any common shares under this prospectus and will not receive any proceeds from sales of the common shares offered by the selling shareholders, although we will incur expenses in connection with the offering. The registration of the resale of the common shares covered by this prospectus does not necessarily mean that any of the shares will be offered or sold by the selling shareholders. The timing and amount of any sales are within the sole discretion of the selling shareholders.

The common shares offered under this prospectus may be sold by the selling shareholders through public or private transactions, on or off the Nasdaq Capital Market, at prevailing market prices or at privately negotiated prices. For more information on the times and manner in which the selling shareholders may sell the common shares under this prospectus, please see the section entitled “Plan of Distribution,” beginning on page 39 of this prospectus.

Our common shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “DMAC.” On October 1, 2021, the last reported sales price of our common shares as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market was $4.17 per share. 

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under federal securities laws and, as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements. See “About the Company – Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company” beginning on page 6 of this prospectus.

Investing in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 9 of this prospectus, as well as those risk factors described in the documents we incorporate by reference.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is                 , 2021.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

We are responsible for the information contained and incorporated by reference in this prospectus we prepare or authorize. Neither we nor the selling shareholders, as defined below, have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus we have prepared. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of the date of the applicable document. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. It is important for you to read and consider all the information contained in this prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein, before making your investment decision.

For investors outside the United States: we have not, and the selling shareholders have not, taken any action to permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offer and sale of the common shares and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is a part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act). Under this registration process, the selling shareholders named in this prospectus may offer or sell common shares in one or more offerings from time to time. Each time the selling shareholders named in this prospectus (or in any supplement to this prospectus) sell common shares under the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, such selling shareholders must provide a copy of this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, to a potential purchaser, as required by law.

In certain circumstances we may provide a prospectus supplement that may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. Any statement that we make in this prospectus will be modified or superseded by any inconsistent statement made by us in a prospectus supplement. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, including all documents incorporated herein or therein by reference, together with additional information described under “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 41 of this prospectus and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” beginning on page 41 of this prospectus.

Neither we, nor the selling shareholders, have authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. Neither we nor any of the selling shareholders will make an offer to sell our common shares in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement is accurate as of the date on its respective cover, and that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, unless we indicate otherwise. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

Unless otherwise indicated, information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus concerning our industry and the markets in which we operate, including our general expectations and market position, market opportunity and market share, is based on information from our own management estimates and research, as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Management estimates are derived from publicly available information, our knowledge of our industry and assumptions based on such information and knowledge, which we believe to be reasonable. In addition, assumptions and estimates of our and our industry’s future performance are necessarily subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, see “Risk Factors” beginning on page 9 of this prospectus. These and other factors could cause our future performance to differ materially from our assumptions and estimates. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” beginning on page 13 of this prospectus.

Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ® and ™ symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights, or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trademarks and tradenames.

Except as otherwise indicated herein or as the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to “DiaMedica,” “DMAC,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” or similar references mean DiaMedica Therapeutics Inc. and its subsidiaries. References in this prospectus to “voting common shares” or “common shares” refer to our common shares, no par value per share. The phrase “this prospectus” refers to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, unless the context otherwise requires.

All references in this prospectus to “$,” “U.S. Dollars” and “dollars” are to United States dollars.

We own various unregistered trademarks and service marks, including our corporate logo. Solely for convenience, the trademarks and trade names in this prospectus are referred to without the ® and ™ symbols, but such references should not be construed as any indicator that the owner of such trademarks and trade names will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, their rights thereto. We do not intend the use or display of other companies’ trademarks and trade names to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other companies.

 

Our recombinant form of DM199 is protected by issued composition of matter and delivery patents in the United States and Europe (expiration 2033); a pending worldwide patent (expiration 2038) that covers a range of DM199 dose levels and dosing regimens useful for treating a wide range of diseases associated with microvascular dysfunction; an exclusive license with our manufacturing partner for use of their cell line and proprietary expression system for manufacturing synthetic KLK1; and numerous trade-secrets. In addition, we believe DM199 cannot be reverse engineered to develop a copycat version of our therapy. This adds additional protection to our intellectual property, especially as we evaluate DM199 licensing.

 

Our Programs

 

The primary focus for our DM199 program development is currently on AIS and CKD. The current status of our product candidates in clinical development is as follows:

 

 

Acute Ischemic Stroke

 

According to the World Health Organization, each year approximately 15 million people worldwide suffer a stroke, of which 5.0 million will die and 5.0 million will be permanently disabled. According to the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention approximately 87% of all strokes are ischemic in nature, a blockage of blood flow in/to the brain. We believe that stroke represents an area of significant unmet medical need and a KLK1 treatment (such as DM199) could provide a significant patient benefit, in particular given its proposed therapeutic window of up to 24 hours after the first sign of symptoms. Currently, the only FDA-approved pharmacological intervention for AIS is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), which must be given within 4.5 hours of symptom onset. Treating patients with tPA during this time window can be challenging because it is difficult to determine precisely when symptoms began and a patient must undergo complex brain imaging before treatment to rule out a hemorrhagic stroke, a ruptured blood vessel causing bleeding within the brain. Approximately 20% of strokes occur in the arteries supplying blood to the brain. Blockages in these vessels are called large vessel occlusions which are eligible for mechanical thrombectomy, a procedure which attempts to remove the clot using catheter-based tools. Despite the availability of these treatments, we believe they are relevant to approximately 10% of ischemic stroke patients due to the location of the clot, the elapsed time after the stroke occurred, availability of adequately trained physicians or other safety considerations. Thus, we believe DM199 may offer significant advantages over the current treatment options in that it fills a serious, unmet need for patients who cannot receive tPA or mechanical thrombectomy. Additionally, DM199 may also offer a complimentary follow-on treatment for patients who initially receive tPA or mechanical thrombectomy treatments by enabling sustained blood flow improvements within the brain during the critical weeks and months after a stroke. Based on the number of strokes each year (approximately 1.7 million in the U.S., Europe and Japan and 15 million worldwide) and considering the $8,500 estimated cost per patient for the current standard of care, tPA, we believe the annual market opportunity for DM199 could be significant.

 

Chronic Kidney Disease

 

CKD is a widespread health problem that generates significant economic burden throughout the world. According to the National Kidney Foundation, approximately 30 million Americans and 120 million Chinese suffer from this debilitating and potentially life-threatening condition. CKD is characterized by a progressive decline in overall kidney function, increasing the risk of premature death, cardiovascular events and hospitalization. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of CKD and requires ongoing dialysis or a kidney transplant to survive. However, many patients suffer serious health consequences or die from CKD prior to developing ESRD. Currently, there is no cure for CKD and treatment involves management of the symptoms of the disease. Blood pressure medications, such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), are often prescribed to control hypertension, and hopefully, slow the progression of CKD. Nevertheless, according to the National Kidney Foundation, many of these patients continue to show declining kidney function. We believe DM199 offers a potentially novel approach for the treatment of CKD because KLK1 protein plays a vital role in normal kidney function. Since patients with moderate to severe CKD often excrete abnormally low levels of KLK1 in their urine, we believe that DM199 may prevent or reduce further kidney damage by increasing levels of KLK1 and restoring the protective KKS to regulate the production and release of nitric oxide and prostacyclin.

 

RISK FACTORS

An investment in our common shares involves a high degree of risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the following risks and the risks described in the “Risk Factors” section of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2021, as amended, and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021, as well as any amendment or update to our risk factors reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC. The occurrence of any of the events described below could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, prospects or the value of our common shares. These risks are not the only ones that we face. Additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business.

Risks Related to our Business

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a delay in enrollment in our REDUX trial and will likely continue to result in enrollment delay for that trial and may adversely affect our recently initiated ReMEDy2 trial, which could delay or prevent our receipt of necessary regulatory approvals for DM199.

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a severe effect on the clinical trials of many drug candidates. Some trials have been delayed, while others have been cancelled. Due to actions implemented at our clinical study sites to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, we have experienced and continue to experience slower than expected enrollment in the first two cohorts of our REDUX clinical trial. We believe this has been due to both the reduction or suspension of activities at our clinical study sites as they address staff and patient safety concerns, as well as patient concerns related to their personal risk in visiting clinical study sites in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The reduction or suspension of activities at potential study sites for our recently initiated ReMEDy2 trial may adversely impact our ability to recruit and activate study sites which may result in slower than expected enrollment.

The extent to which the pandemic may impact our clinical trials will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, such as the duration and severity of the pandemic, the effectiveness of actions to contain, treat and prevent COVID-19, including the availability, acceptance and effectiveness of vaccines and the spread of COVID-19 variants. The continued spread of COVID-19, including variants, could cause us to experience continued and/or additional disruptions that could severely impact our business and clinical trials, including:

As a result, the expected timeline for the full data readout of our REDUX clinical trial has been and may continue to be negatively impacted and the expected timeline for our ReMEDy2 trial may also be negatively impacted, which adversely affect the timing of certain regulatory filings and our ability to initiate additional required studies, obtain regulatory approval for and to commercialize our DM199 product candidate.

Risks Related to this Offering and Our Common Shares

Sales of shares in connection with this offering may cause the market price of our common shares to decline.

In connection with the Private Placement, we entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement and Registration Rights Agreement, pursuant to which we agreed to register for resale with the SEC the common shares issued to the selling shareholders in the Private Placement. The registration statement of which this prospectus is a part has been filed to satisfy this obligation. Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement, the shares we issued in the Private Placement may be freely sold in the open market. The sale of a significant amount of these shares in the open market, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common shares to decline or become highly volatile.

Our common share price has been volatile and may continue to be volatile.

Our common shares trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “DMAC.” A number of factors could influence the volatility in the trading price of our common shares, including changes in the economy or in the financial markets, industry related developments, and the impact of material events and changes in our operations. Our quarterly losses may vary because of expenses we incur related to our research and development and clinical activities including the timing of costs for manufacturing DM199 and initiating and completing preclinical and clinical trials. Each of these factors could lead to increased volatility in the market price of our common shares. In addition, the market prices of the securities of our competitors may also lead to fluctuations in the trading price of our common shares. As a result of this volatility, you may not be able to sell your common shares at or above the public offering price.

We do not have a very active trading market for our common shares, and one may never develop.

Our common shares commenced trading in the United States on the Nasdaq Capital Market in December 2018. Previously our shares traded in Canada on the TSX Venture Exchange. We do not have a very active trading market for our common shares, and one may never develop, even after this offering. Although we anticipate a more active trading market for our shares will develop after this offering, we can give no assurance that this will occur or that an active trading market will be sustained following this offering. If an active market for our common shares does not develop, it may be difficult for you to sell our common shares you purchase in this offering at a favorable price or at all.

We may issue additional common shares resulting in share ownership dilution.

Future dilution will likely occur due to anticipated future equity issuances by us. To the extent we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interests of our shareholders will be diluted. In addition, as of September 30, 2021, we had outstanding warrants to purchase 265,000 common shares, options to purchase 1,959,100 common shares, deferred share units representing 71,509 common shares and 457,651 common shares reserved for issuance in connection with future grants under the DiaMedica Therapeutics Inc. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan. If these or any future outstanding warrants, options, or deferred share units are exercised or otherwise converted into our common shares, our shareholders will experience additional dilution.

If there are substantial sales of our common shares or the perception that such sales could occur, the market price of our common shares could decline.

Sales of substantial numbers of our common shares or the perception that such sales could occur could cause a decline in the market price of our common shares. Any sales by existing shareholders or holders who exercise their warrants or stock options may have an adverse effect on our ability to raise capital and may adversely affect the market price of our common shares.

We could be subject to securities class action litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention.

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a decline or increase in the market price of its securities or certain significant business transactions. We may become involved in this type of litigation in the future, especially if our clinical trial results are not successful or we enter into an agreement for a significant business transaction. If we face such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and our resources, which could harm our business. This is particularly true in light of our limited securities litigation insurance coverage.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or publish negative reports about our business, the market price of our common shares and trading volume could decline.

The market price and trading volume for our common shares in the United States depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We do not have any control over these analysts. There can be no assurance that analysts will continue to cover us or provide favorable coverage. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrades our common shares or changes their opinion of our common shares, the market price of our common shares would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of our company or fails to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause the market price of our common shares or trading volume to decline.

We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company,” and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to us as such may make our common shares less attractive to our shareholders and potential investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. We may remain an emerging growth company until December 31, 2023, the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our first sale of common shares pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act) or until such earlier time as we have more than $1.07 billion (as adjusted for inflation pursuant to SEC rules from time to time) in annual revenue, the market value of our common shares held by non-affiliates is more than $700 million or we issue more than $1 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Section 404) not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Our shareholders and other investors may find our common shares less attractive as a result of our reliance on these exemptions. If some of our shareholders or other investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares, and the trading price of our common shares may be more volatile.

We are also a “smaller reporting company” under the federal securities laws and, as such, are subject to scaled disclosure requirements afforded to such companies. For example, as a smaller reporting company, we are subject to reduced executive compensation disclosure requirements.

Our shareholders and investors may find our common shares less attractive as a result of our status as an “emerging growth company” and “smaller reporting company” and our reliance on the reduced disclosure requirements afforded to these companies. If some of our shareholders or investors find our common shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common shares and the market price of our common shares may be more volatile.

If we become unable to comply with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements, our common shares could be delisted, which could affect the market price and liquidity of our common shares and reduce our ability to raise capital.

We are required to meet certain qualitative and financial tests to maintain the listing of our common shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If we do not maintain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements within specified periods and subject to permitted extensions, our common shares may be recommended for delisting (subject to any appeal we would file). No assurance can be provided that we will comply with these continued listing requirements. If our common shares were delisted, it could be more difficult to buy or sell our common shares and to obtain accurate quotations, and the price of our common shares could suffer a material decline. Delisting would also impair our ability to raise additional capital.

Any failure to maintain an effective system of internal controls may result in material misstatements of our consolidated financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or fail to prevent fraud; and in that case, our shareholders or other investors could lose confidence in our financial reporting, are business could be harmed and the market price of our common shares could be negatively impacted.

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and prevent fraud. If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we might not be able to report our financial results accurately or prevent fraud; and in that case, our shareholders or other investors could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm our business and could negatively impact the market price of our common shares. Even if we conclude that our internal control over financial reporting provides reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect fraud or misstatements. Failure to implement required new or improved controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could harm our results of operations or cause us to fail to meet our future reporting obligations.

If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to produce reliable financial reports or help prevent fraud. Our failure to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could prevent us from complying with our reporting obligations on a timely basis, which could result in the loss of shareholder or other investor confidence in the reliability of our consolidated financial statements, harm our business and negatively impact the market price of our common shares.

Pursuant to Section 404, we are required to furnish a report by our management regarding our internal control over financial reporting, and if we become an accelerated filer under the federal securities laws, we will be required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. There is a risk that neither we nor our independent registered public accounting firm will be able to conclude within the prescribed timeframe that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as required by Section 404. This could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.

We have never paid dividends and do not expect to do so in the foreseeable future.

We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common shares to date. The payment of dividends in the future will be dependent on our earnings and financial condition and on such other factors as our Board of Directors considers appropriate. Unless and until we pay dividends, shareholders may not receive a return on their common shares. There is no present intention by our Board of Directors to pay dividends on our common shares. We currently intend to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business. In addition, the terms of any future debt agreements may preclude us from paying dividends. As a result, appreciation, if any, in the market price of our common shares will be your sole source of gain for the foreseeable future.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus that are not descriptions of historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that are based on management’s current expectations and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could negatively affect our business, operating results, financial condition and share price. We have attempted to identify forward-looking statements by terminology including “anticipates,” “believes,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “should,” “will,” “would,” the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology, and the use of future dates.

The forward-looking statements in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus may include, among other things, statements about:

These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In evaluating such forward-looking statements, you should specifically consider various factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations, including the risks and uncertainties outlined under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in this prospectus, and in any other documents incorporated herein (including in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and other filings we make with the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)).

The following are some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed, anticipated or implied in our forward-looking statements. These include uncertainties with respect to: the possibility of unfavorable results from current of future clinical trials of DM199 or from subsequent analysis of existing data from the REDUX study or the ReMEDy study or existing or new data received from additional ongoing and future studies of DM199, including the ReMEDy2 study and the REDUX study; the risk that existing preclinical and clinical data may not be predictive of the results of ongoing or later clinical trials; our plans to develop, obtain regulatory approval for and commercialize our DM199 product candidate for the treatment of AIS and CKD and our expectations regarding the benefits of DM199; our ability to conduct successful clinical testing of DM199 and within its anticipated parameters, costs and timeframes; the perceived benefits of DM199 over existing treatment options; the potential direct or indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business; our reliance on collaboration with third parties to conduct clinical trials; our ability to continue to obtain funding for our operations, including funding necessary to complete planned clinical trials and obtain regulatory approvals for DM199 for AIS and CKD, and the risks identified under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in this prospectus, and in any other documents incorporated herein (including in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and other filings we make with the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act).

Any forward-looking statement in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, reflects our view, as at the respective dates of such documents, with respect to future events and is subject to these and other risks, uncertainties and assumptions relating to our business, results of operations, industry and future growth. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. No forward-looking statement is a guarantee of future performance. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future.

This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein contain estimates, projections and other information concerning our industry, our business and the markets for certain therapeutics, including data regarding the estimated size of those markets, their projected growth rates and the incidence of certain medical conditions. Information that is based on estimates, forecasts, projections or similar methodologies is inherently subject to uncertainties and actual events or circumstances may differ materially from events and circumstances reflected in this information. Unless otherwise expressly stated, we obtained these industry, business, market and other data from reports, research surveys, studies and similar data prepared by third parties, industry, medical and general publications, government data and similar sources. In some cases, we do not expressly refer to the sources from which these data are derived.

USE OF PROCEEDS

We are filing the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to permit holders of our common shares described in the section entitled “Selling Shareholders,” beginning on page 36 of this prospectus, to resell such shares. We are not selling any securities under this prospectus and will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling shareholders.

We will bear all expenses incurred in connection with the performance of our obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement.

DESCRIPTION OF COMMON SHARES

General

The following is a summary of the material terms of our common shares, as well as other material terms of our Notice of Articles and Articles and certain provisions of the BCBCA. References in this prospectus to “voting common shares” or “common shares” mean our voting common shares, no par value. This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the provisions of our Notice of Articles and Articles, which are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. For more information on how you can obtain our Notice of Articles and Articles, see “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 41.

Authorized Share Capital

We have an authorized share capital consisting of an unlimited number of common shares, no par value per share.

Outstanding Common Shares

As of September 30, 2021, there were 26,439,217 common shares issued and outstanding. As of September 30, 2021, the following additional common shares were reserved for issuance:

Certain Rights of the Common Shares

Dividends

Holders of our common shares are entitled to share pro rata in such dividends as may be declared by our Board of Directors. Pursuant to the provisions of the BCBCA, we may not declare or pay a dividend if there are reasonable grounds for believing that we are, or would after the payment be, unable to pay our liabilities as they become due in the ordinary course of business. We may pay a dividend by issuing fully paid shares, bonds, debentures or other of our securities or in property (including money).

Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding-Up

In the event of a voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company or any other distribution of our assets among our shareholders for the purpose of winding-up our affairs, holders of common shares are entitled to share pro rata in our assets available for distribution after we pay our creditors.

Voting Rights and Shareholders’ Meetings

Holders of our common shares are entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at all meetings of our shareholders. Each holder of our common shares is entitled to one vote, either in person or by proxy, on all matters submitted to shareholders.

Our Board of Directors must call an annual general meeting of shareholders to be held at least once in each calendar year and not more than 15 months after the last annual reference date and may, at any time, call a special meeting of shareholders. Under our Articles, a meeting of our shareholders may be held anywhere in or outside of British Columbia, as determined by the Board of Directors. For purposes of determining the shareholders who are entitled to receive notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders, the Board of Directors may, in accordance with National Instrument 54-101 - Communications with Beneficial Owners of Securities of a Reporting Issuer of the Canadian Securities Administrators, fix in advance a date as the record date for that determination of shareholders, but that record date may not be more than 60 days or less than 30 days before the date on which the meeting is to be held.

Our Articles provide that notice of the time and place of a meeting of shareholders must be sent to each shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting, each director and to our auditors, not more than 50 days and not less than 21 days prior to the meeting. Under our Articles, the presence at a shareholder meeting, in person or represented by proxy, of any number of shareholders holding not less than one-third (33 1/3) of the issued common shares shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of transacting business at the shareholder meeting. A shareholder may participate in a meeting by means of telephone or other communication medium that permits all persons participating in the meeting to communicate with each other during the meeting.

In the case of joint shareholders, one of the holders present at a meeting, either personally or by proxy, may, in the absence of the other holder(s) of the shares, vote the shares. If two or more joint shareholders are present, personally or by proxy, then only the vote of the joint shareholder present whose name stands first on the central securities register in respect of the share will be counted.

No Preemption Rights; Limited Restrictions on Directors’ Authority to Issue Common Shares

Existing holders of our common shares have no rights of preemption or first refusal under our Articles or the BCBCA with respect to future issuances of our common shares. The common shares do not have conversion rights, are not subject to redemption and do not have the benefit of any sinking fund provisions. Subject to the rules and policies of the Nasdaq Stock Market and applicable corporate and securities laws, our Board of Directors has the authority to issue additional common shares.

Amendments to Articles

The Articles and the BCBCA govern the rights of holders of our common shares.

Subject to the BCBCA, unless an alteration to the Company’s Notice of Articles would be required, our directors can authorize the alteration of our Articles to, among other things, create additional classes or series of shares or, if none of the shares of a class or series are allotted or issued, eliminate that class or series of shares.

Subject to the BCBCA, our shareholders can authorize the alteration of our Articles and Notice of Articles to create or vary the rights or restrictions attached to any class of our shares by passing an ordinary resolution at a duly convened meeting of shareholders. An alteration to the Company’s Notice of Articles will not be effective until the notice of alteration is filed with the registrar pursuant to the BCBCA. An alteration to the Company’s Articles, which is not an alteration to the Company’s Notice of Articles, will be effective on the date and time that the resolution is received for deposit at the Company’s records office.

Fundamental Changes

Pursuant to the BCBCA, we may not effect any of the following fundamental changes without the consent of the holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of each class of our outstanding common shares represented in person or by proxy and separately as a class at a duly convened meeting of our shareholders:

Election and Removal of Directors

At each annual general meeting of shareholders, our shareholders are required to elect directors to hold office for a term expiring not later than the close of the next annual general meeting of shareholders. Our Board of Directors may fill vacancies among the Board. Our directors may also, between annual general meetings of our shareholders, appoint one or more additional directors to serve until the next annual general meeting of shareholders; provided, however, that the number of additional directors shall not at any time exceed one-third (1/3) of the number of directors who held office at the expiration of the last meeting of shareholders.

Since shareholders do not have cumulative voting rights, holders of more than 50% of our outstanding common shares can elect all of our directors if they choose to do so. In such event, holders of the remaining shares will be unable to elect any director.

Under the BCBCA, a public company must have a minimum of three directors, who are not required to be resident Canadians.

Under the BCBCA, a director may be removed by shareholders by special resolution unless the Articles provide for a lower approval level. The Articles allow shareholders to remove directors by a special resolution if approved by holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of each class of our outstanding common shares represented in person or by proxy and voting separately as a class at a duly convened meeting of our shareholders.

Registration Rights

We have not granted any rights to have our common shares or other securities registered under the Securities Act, other than under the Registration Rights Agreement entered into in connection with our recent Private Placement.

Listing

Our common shares are listed and trade in the United States on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “DMAC.”

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common shares is Computershare Investor Services.

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification Matters

Our Articles provide that we will indemnify our directors, former directors, his or her heirs and legal personal representatives and other individuals as we may determine against all eligible penalties to which such person is or may be liable to the fullest extent permitted by British Columbia law. We will pay all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person, either as such expenses are incurred in advance of the final disposition of an eligible proceeding or after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding. The BCBCA provides that a company must not indemnify its directors if any of the following circumstances apply:

Notwithstanding any of the above prohibitions, the company or a director may apply to court for an order that the company must indemnify the director for any liability or expenses incurred by the director or for any other related obligations of the company.

Our Articles also permit us to purchase insurance on behalf of any officer, director, employee or other agent of our company, of an affiliated entity, or, at our request, of another entity, for any liability arising out of that person’s actions in such capacity. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our current directors and executive officers requiring us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under British Columbia law against liability that may arise by reason of their service to us, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified, and have received a written undertaking from each such director and officer as required under British Columbia law.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable.

Takeover Laws

All provinces of Canada have adopted National Instrument 62-104 entitled “Take-Over Bids and Issuer Bids” (NI 62-104) and related forms to harmonize and consolidate take-over bid and issuer bid regimes nationally. The Canadian Securities Administrators, or CSA, have also issued National Policy 62-203 entitled “Take-Over Bids and Issuer Bids” (the National Policy) which contains regulatory guidance on the interpretation and application of NI 62-104 and on the conduct of parties involved in a bid. The National Policy and NI 62-104 are collectively referred to as the “Bid Regime.” The National Policy does not have the force of law, but is an indication by the CSA of what the intentions and desires of the regulators are in the areas covered by their policies. Unlike some regimes where the take-over bid rules are primarily policy-driven, in Canada the regulatory framework for take-over bids is primarily rules-based, which rules are supported by policy.

A “take-over bid” or “bid” is an offer to acquire outstanding voting or equity securities of a class made to any person who is in one of the provinces of Canada or to any securityholder of an offeree issuer whose last address as shown on the books of a target is in such province, where the securities subject to the offer to acquire, together with the securities “beneficially owned” by the offeror, or any other person acting jointly or in concert with the offeror, constitute in the aggregate 20% or more of the outstanding securities of that class of securities at the date of the offer to acquire. For the purposes of the Bid Regime, a security is deemed to be “beneficially owned” by an offeror as of a specific date if the offeror is the beneficial owner of a security convertible into the security within 60 days following that date, or has a right or obligation permitting or requiring the offeror, whether or not on conditions, to acquire beneficial ownership of the security within 60 days by a single transaction or a series of linked transactions. Offerors are also subject to early warning requirements, where an offeror who acquires “beneficial ownership of”, or control or direction over, voting or equity securities of any class of a reporting issuer or securities convertible into, voting or equity securities of any class of a target that, together with the offeror’s securities, would constitute 10% or more of the outstanding securities of that class must promptly publicly issue and file a news release containing certain prescribed information, and, within two business days, file an early warning report containing substantially the same information as is contained in the news release.

In addition, where an offeror is required to file an early warning report or a further report as described and the offeror acquires or disposes of beneficial ownership of, or the power to exercise control or direction over, an additional 2% or more of the outstanding securities of the class, or disposes of beneficial ownership of outstanding securities of the class below 10%, the offeror must issue an additional press release and file a new early warning report. Any material change in a previously filed early warning report also triggers the issuance and filing of a new press release and early warning report. During the period commencing on the occurrence of an event in respect of which an early warning report is required and terminating on the expiry of one business day from the date that the early warning report is filed, the offeror may not acquire or offer to acquire beneficial ownership of any securities of the class in respect of which the early warning report was required to be filed or any securities convertible into securities of that class. This requirement does not apply to an offeror that has beneficial ownership of, or control or direction over, securities that comprise 20% of more of the outstanding securities of the class.

Related party transactions, issuer bids and insider bids are subject to additional regulation that may differ depending on the particular jurisdiction of Canada in which it occurs.

In addition to the foregoing, certain other Canadian legislation may limit a Canadian or non-Canadian entity’s ability to acquire control over or a significant interest in us, including the Competition Act (Canada) and the Investment Canada Act (Canada). Issuers may also approve and adopt shareholder rights plans or other defensive tactics designed to be triggered upon the commencement of an unsolicited bid and make the company a less desirable takeover target.

Other Canadian Laws Affecting U.S. Shareholders

There are no governmental laws, decrees or regulations in Canada relating to restrictions on the export or import of capital, or affecting the remittance of interest, dividends or other payments by us to our shareholders who are non-residents of Canada, other than Canadian withholding tax as discussed below.

Dividends paid or credited (or deemed to be paid or credited) by the Company to residents of the United States of America within the meaning of the Canada-United States Tax Convention (1980), as amended (US Treaty) are generally subject to a 15% withholding tax on the amount of the dividends.

There are no limitations specific to the rights of non-residents of Canada to hold or vote our common shares under the BCBCA, or in our Notice of Articles or Articles, other than those imposed by the Investment Canada Act (Canada) as discussed below.

Non-Canadian investors who acquire a controlling interest in us may be subject to the Investment Canada Act (Canada), which governs the basis on which non-Canadians may invest in Canadian businesses. Under the Investment Canada Act (Canada), the acquisition of a majority of the voting interests of an entity (or of a majority of the undivided ownership interests in the voting common shares of an entity that is a corporation) is deemed to be an acquisition of control of that entity. The acquisition of less than a majority but one-third or more of the voting common shares of a corporation (or of an equivalent undivided ownership interest in the voting common shares of the corporation) is presumed to be acquisition of control of that corporation unless it can be established that, on the acquisition, the corporation is not controlled in fact by the acquirer through the ownership of the voting common shares. The acquisition of less than one-third of the voting common shares of a corporation (or of an equivalent undivided ownership interest in the voting common shares of the corporation) is deemed not to be acquisition of control of that corporation.

Differences in Corporate Law

We are governed by the BCBCA, which is generally similar to laws applicable to United States corporations. Significant differences between the BCBCA and the Delaware General Corporate Law (DGCL), which governs companies incorporated in the State of Delaware, include the following:

CERTAIN UNITED STATES INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following discussion is generally limited to certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common shares by U.S. Holders (as defined below). This discussion applies to U.S. Holders that hold our common shares as capital assets. This summary is for general information purposes only and does not purport to be a complete analysis or listing of all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations that may apply to a U.S. Holder arising from and relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of our common shares. Accordingly, this summary is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, legal or U.S. federal income tax advice with respect to any U.S. Holder. Although this discussion is generally limited to the U.S. federal income tax considerations to U.S. Holders, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of dividends on and gain on sale or exchange of our common shares by certain “Non-U.S. Holders” (as defined below) is included below at “U.S. Federal Income Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders.”

No legal opinion from U.S. legal counsel or ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has been requested, or will be obtained, regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of common shares. This summary is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS is not precluded from taking a position that is different from, and contrary to, the positions presented in this summary. In addition, because the guidance on which this summary is based are subject to various interpretations, the IRS and the U.S. courts could disagree with one or more of the positions described in this summary.

This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (Code), U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, and the income tax treaty between the United States and Canada (Convention), all as in effect on the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. This summary is applicable to U.S. Holders who are residents of the United States for purposes of the Convention and who qualify for the full benefits of the Convention. This summary does not discuss the potential effects, whether adverse or beneficial, of any proposed legislation. Please be aware that the United States Congress is currently considering various proposals that may alter the tax consequences described below. Each prospective investor is responsible for monitoring these developments with their own tax advisors, we do not undertake to update any of the information in this summary based on any change in law after the effective date hereof, including any change that may have retroactive effect.

This discussion does not address all of the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to specific U.S. Holders in light of their particular circumstances or to U.S. Holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax law (such as certain financial institutions, insurance companies, broker-dealers and traders in securities or other persons that generally mark their securities to market for U.S. federal income tax purposes, tax-exempt entities, retirement plans, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, certain former citizens or residents of the United States, persons who hold common shares as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion transaction,” “synthetic security” or integrated investment, persons that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar, persons that own (or are deemed to own) 10% or more (by voting power or value) of our common shares, persons that acquire their common shares as part of a compensation arrangement, corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax, partnerships and other pass-through entities, and investors in such pass-through entities). This discussion does not address any U.S. state or local or non-U.S. tax considerations or any U.S. federal estate, gift or alternative minimum tax considerations. In addition, except as specifically set forth below, this summary does not discuss applicable tax reporting requirements.

As used in this discussion, the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of common shares that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (1) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (2) a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia, (3) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source or (4) a trust (x) with respect to which a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions or (y) that has elected under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds the common shares, the U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to an investment in the common shares will depend in part upon the status and activities of such entity and the particular partner. Any such entity should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to it and its partners of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the common shares.

Persons holding common shares should consult their own tax advisors as to the particular tax considerations applicable to them relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of common shares, including the applicability of U.S. federal, state and local tax laws and non-U.S. tax laws.

Distributions

Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations,” a U.S. Holder that receives a distribution with respect to the common shares generally will be required to include the gross amount of such distribution (before reduction for any Canadian withholding taxes) in gross income as a dividend when actually or constructively received to the extent of the U.S. Holder’s pro rata share of our current and/or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). To the extent a distribution received by a U.S. Holder is not a dividend because it exceeds the U.S. Holder’s pro rata share of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, it will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital and reduce (but not below zero) the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. Holder’s common shares. To the extent the distribution exceeds the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. Holder’s common shares, the remainder will be taxed as capital gain. However, we cannot provide any assurance that we will maintain or provide earnings and profits determinations in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, U.S. Holders should expect that a distribution will generally be treated as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above.

The U.S. dollar value of any distribution on the common shares made in Canadian dollars generally should be calculated by reference to the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Canadian dollar in effect on the date of receipt (or deemed receipt) of such distribution by the U.S. Holder regardless of whether the Canadian dollars so received are in fact converted into U.S. dollars at that time. If the Canadian dollars received are converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt (or deemed receipt), a U.S. Holder generally should not recognize currency gain or loss on such conversion. If the Canadian dollars received are not converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt (or deemed receipt), a U.S. Holder generally will have a basis in such Canadian dollars equal to the U.S. dollar value of such Canadian dollars on the date of receipt (or deemed receipt). Any gain or loss on a subsequent conversion or other disposition of such Canadian dollars by such U.S. Holder generally will be treated as ordinary income or loss and generally will be income or loss from sources within the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Different rules apply to U.S. Holders who use the accrual method of tax accounting. Each U.S. Holder should consult its own U.S. tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of receiving, owning, and disposing of foreign currency.

Distributions on the common shares that are treated as dividends generally will constitute income from sources outside the United States for foreign tax credit purposes and generally will constitute “passive category income.” Because we are not a United States corporation, such dividends will not be eligible for the “dividends received” deduction generally allowed to corporate shareholders with respect to dividends received from U.S. corporations. Dividends paid by a “qualified foreign corporation” to a U.S. Holder who is an individual, trust or estate will generally be treated as “qualified dividend income” and are eligible for taxation at a reduced capital gains rate rather than the marginal tax rates generally applicable to ordinary income provided that a holding period requirement (more than 60 days of ownership, without protection from the risk of loss, during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date) and certain other requirements are met. However, if we are a passive foreign investment company (PFIC) for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year (see discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”), we will not be treated as a qualified foreign corporation, and therefore the reduced capital gains tax rate described above will not apply. Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult its own tax advisors regarding the availability of the reduced tax rate on dividends.

If a U.S. Holder is subject to Canadian withholding tax on dividends paid on the holder’s common shares (see discussion below under “Material Canadian Federal Income Tax Considerations—Dividends”), the U.S. Holder may be eligible, subject to a number of complex limitations, to claim a credit against its U.S. federal income tax for the Canadian withholding tax imposed on the dividends. However, if U.S. persons collectively own, directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the voting power or value of our common shares it is possible that a portion of any dividends we pay will be considered U.S. source income in proportion to our U.S. source earnings and profits, which could limit the ability of a U.S. Holder to claim a foreign tax credit for the Canadian withholding taxes imposed in respect of such a dividend, although certain elections may be available under the Code and the Convention to mitigate these effects. A U.S. Holder may claim a deduction for the Canadian withholding tax in lieu of a credit, but only for a year in which the U.S. Holder elects to do so for all creditable foreign income taxes. The rules governing the foreign tax credit are complex. Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult its tax advisor regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under its particular circumstances.

Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Shares

Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations,” a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of common shares. The amount of gain recognized will equal the excess of the amount realized (i.e., the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received) over the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares sold or exchanged. The amount of loss recognized will equal the excess of the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common shares sold or exchanged over the amount realized. Such capital gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, on the date of sale, exchange or other disposition, the common shares were held by the U.S. Holder for more than one year. Net long-term capital gain derived by a non-corporate U.S. Holder with respect to capital assets is currently is subject to tax at reduced rates. The deductibility of a capital loss is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized from the sale, exchange or other disposition of common shares will generally be gain or loss from sources within the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes, except as otherwise provided in an applicable income tax treaty and if an election is properly made under the Code.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations

General Rule. In general, a corporation organized outside the United States will be treated as a PFIC in any taxable year in which either (1) at least 75% of its gross income is “passive income” or (2) at least 50% of the average quarterly value of its assets is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income.  Passive income for this purpose generally includes, among other things, dividends, interest, royalties, rents, and gains from commodities transactions and from the sale or exchange of property that gives rise to passive income.  Assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income include cash, even if held as working capital or raised in a public offering, marketable securities and other assets that may produce passive income.  The percentage of a corporation’s assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income generally is determined based upon the average ratio of passive assets to total assets calculated at the end of each fiscal quarter.  On December 4, 2020, the Treasury and IRS published a set of final and proposed regulations and guidance on PFICs. Among other changes that were made in the final regulations, a change in the computation of the 50% passive asset test described above will be implemented that will close off any alternative method of calculating assets that was advantageous to taxpayers. Taxpayers must calculate the value of assets at the end of each measuring period, then use the “weighted average” of those values to determine the value of assets for the passive asset test for the taxable year. Under the old rules, the “weighted average” arguably could be calculated based on value, or percentage. Final regulations section 1.1297-1(d)(1)(i) now requires the weighted average to be calculated based on the average value at the end of each measuring period (generally each of the four quarters that make up the company’s taxable year, unless an election is made to use an alternative measuring period (such as a week or month)). In addition, in new proposed regulations section 1.1297-1(d)(2), a limited exception to the treatment of working capital to take into account the short-term cash needs of operating companies was provided for purposes of measuring the passive asset test. This new rule provides that an amount of cash held in a non-interest bearing account that is held for the present needs of an active trade or business and is no greater than the amount reasonably expected to cover 90 days of operating expenses incurred in the ordinary course of the trade or business of the foreign corporation (for example, accounts payable for ordinary operating expenses or employee compensation) is not treated as a passive asset. The Treasury Department and the IRS indicated that they continue to study the appropriate treatment of working capital for purposes of the passive asset test.  In determining whether a foreign corporation is a PFIC, a proportionate share of the items of gross income and assets of each corporation in which it owns, directly or indirectly, at least a 25% interest (by value) are taken into account.

PFIC Status Determination.  Although the tests for determining PFIC status are applied as of the end of each taxable year and are dependent upon a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the value of our assets, the market price of our common shares, and the amount and type of our gross income (i) we believe that we were a PFIC for the taxable year ended December 31, 2016, and (ii) we do not believe that we were a PFIC for the taxable years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018 and 2017.  Our status as a PFIC is a fact-intensive determination made on an annual basis, and we cannot provide any assurance regarding our PFIC status for the taxable year ending December 31, 2021 or for subsequent taxable years.  U.S. Holders who own our common shares for any period during which we are a PFIC will be required to file IRS Form 8621 for each tax year during which they hold our common shares. No opinion of legal counsel or ruling from the IRS concerning our status as a PFIC has been obtained or is currently planned to be requested.  However, the determination of our PFIC status is made annually after the close of each taxable year and it is difficult to predict before such determination whether we will be a PFIC for any given taxable year.  Even if we determine that we are not a PFIC after the close of a taxable year, there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with our conclusion.  No assurance can be provided regarding our PFIC status, and neither we nor our United States counsel expresses any opinion with respect to our PFIC status.

PFIC Consequences.  If we are a PFIC at any time when a non-corporate U.S. Holder owns common shares, and such U.S. Holder does not make a “qualified electing fund” election (QEF election) or a “mark-to-market” election, both as described below, such U.S. Holder will generally be subject to federal tax under the excess distribution rules (described below).  Under such rules, additional taxes and interest charges would apply to certain distributions by us or to gain upon dispositions of our common shares.  If neither of such elections are made, the excess distribution rules apply to (1) distributions paid during a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions paid in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the common shares, and (2) any gain recognized on a sale, exchange or other disposition (which would include a pledge or transfer by gift or death) of common shares.  Under the excess distribution rules, the non-corporate U.S. Holder’s tax liability will be determined by allocating such distribution or gain ratably to each day in the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the common shares.  The amount allocated to the current taxable year (i.e., the year in which the distribution occurs or the gain is recognized) and any year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC in the holding period will be taxed as ordinary income earned in the current taxable year and the preferential tax rate applicable to capital gains or dividends received on our common shares would not be available.  The amount allocated to other taxable years (i.e., prior years in which we were a PFIC) will be taxed at the highest marginal rate in effect (for individuals or corporations as applicable) for ordinary income in each such taxable year, and an interest charge, generally applicable to the underpayment of tax, will be added to the tax and the preferential tax rate applicable to capital gains or dividends received on our common shares would not be available.  These adverse tax consequences would not apply to a pension or profit-sharing trust or other tax-exempt organization that did not borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage in connection with its acquisition of our common shares.  In addition, if a non-electing U.S. Holder who is an individual dies while owning our common shares, such U.S. Holder’s successor generally would not receive a step-up in tax basis with respect to such common shares, but instead would have a tax basis equal to the lower of the fair market value of such common shares or the decedent’s tax basis in such common shares.

Purging Election.  If we are a PFIC at any time when a U.S. Holder holds our common shares, we will generally continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to the U.S. Holder for all succeeding years during which the U.S. Holder holds our common shares even if we cease to meet the PFIC gross income test or asset test in a subsequent year.  However, if we cease to meet these tests, a U.S. Holder can avoid the continuing impact of the PFIC rules by making a special election (a “Purging Election”) to recognize gain by making a “deemed sale” election with respect to all of the U.S. Holder’s common shares and have such common shares deemed to be sold at their fair market value on the last day of the last taxable year during which we were a PFIC. The shareholder makes a purging election under Code section 1298(b)(1) and regulations section 1.1298–3 on IRS Form 8621 attached to the shareholder’s tax return (including an amended return), or requests the consent of the IRS Commissioner to make a late election under Code section 1298(b)(1) and regulations section 1.1298–3(e) (“late purging election”) on Form 8621-A.   In addition, for a U.S. Holder making such an election, a new holding period would be deemed to begin for our common shares for purposes of the PFIC rules. After the Purging Election, the common shares with respect to which the Purging Election was made will not be treated as shares in a PFIC unless we subsequently again become a PFIC.

QEF Election.  The tax considerations that would apply if we were a PFIC would be different from those described above if a U.S. Holder were able to make a valid QEF election.  For each year that we meet the PFIC gross income test or asset test, an electing U.S. Holder would be required to include in gross income its pro rata share of our ordinary income and net capital gains, if any, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles.  The U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in our common shares would be increased by the amount of such inclusions.  An actual distribution to the U.S. Holder out of such income generally would not be treated as a dividend and would decrease the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in our common shares.  Gain realized from the sale of our common shares covered by a QEF election would be taxed as a capital gain and the denial of the basis step-up at death described above would not apply.  Generally, a QEF election must be made by the U.S. Holder in a timely filed tax return for the first taxable year in which the U.S. Holder held our common shares that includes the close of our taxable year for which we met the PFIC gross income test or asset test.  A separate QEF election would need to be made for any of our subsidiaries that are classified as a PFIC.  A QEF election is made on IRS Form 8621. U.S. Holders will be eligible to make QEF elections only if we agree to provide U.S. Holders with the information they will need to comply with the QEF rules.  In the event we become a PFIC, we intend to provide all information and documentation that a U.S. Holder making a QEF election is required to obtain for U.S. federal income tax purposes (e.g., the U.S. Holder’s pro rata share of ordinary income and net capital gain, and a “PFIC Annual Information Statement” as described in applicable U.S. Treasury regulations).

Mark-to-Market Election.  As an alternative to a QEF election, a U.S. Holder may also mitigate the adverse tax consequences of PFIC status by timely making a “mark-to-market” election, provided the U.S. Holder completes and files IRS Form 8621 in accordance with the relevant instructions and related Treasury regulations.  A U.S. Holder who makes the mark-to-market election generally must include as ordinary income each year the increase in the fair market value of the common shares and deduct from gross income the decrease in the value of such shares during each of its taxable years, but with losses limited to the amount of previously recognized net gains.  The U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the common shares would be adjusted to reflect any income or loss recognized as a result of the mark-to-market election.  If a mark-to-market election with respect to our common shares is in effect on the date of a U.S. Holder’s death, the tax basis of the common shares in the hands of a U.S. Holder who acquired them from a decedent will be the lesser of the decedent’s tax basis or the fair market value of the common shares.  Any gain from a sale, exchange or other disposition of the common shares in any taxable year in which we are a PFIC (i.e., when we meet the gross income test or asset test described above) would be treated as ordinary income and any loss from a sale, exchange or other disposition would be treated first as an ordinary loss (to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains previously included in income) and thereafter as a capital loss.  If we cease to be a PFIC, any gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Holder on the sale or exchange of the common shares would be classified as a capital gain or loss.

A mark-to-market election is available to a U.S. Holder only for “marketable stock.” Generally, stock will be considered marketable stock if it is “regularly traded” on a “qualified exchange” within the meaning of applicable U.S. Treasury regulations.  A class of stock is regularly traded during any calendar year during which such class of stock is traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter.  The common shares should be marketable stock as long as they are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market and are regularly traded. A mark-to-market election will not apply to the common shares for any taxable year during which we are not a PFIC but will remain in effect with respect to any subsequent taxable year in which we again become a PFIC.  Such election will not apply to any subsidiary that we own.  Accordingly, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to any lower-tier PFICs notwithstanding the U.S. Holder’s mark-to-market election. Whether our common shares are regularly traded on a qualified exchange is an annual determination based on facts that, in part, are beyond our control.  Accordingly, a U.S. Holder might not be eligible to make a mark-to-market election to mitigate the adverse tax consequences if we are characterized as a PFIC.

Each U.S. person who is a shareholder of a PFIC generally must file an annual report (on IRS Form 8621) with the IRS containing certain information, and the failure to file such report could result in the imposition of penalties on such U.S. person and in the extension of the statute of limitations with respect to federal income tax returns filed by such U.S. person.

The U.S. federal income tax rules relating to PFICs are very complex. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of common shares, the consequences to them of an investment in a PFIC, any elections available with respect to the common shares and the IRS information reporting obligations with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of common shares in the event we are considered a PFIC.

Additional Tax on Passive Income

Certain U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates or trusts (other than trusts that are exempt from tax) with adjusted income exceeding certain thresholds, will be subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which includes dividends on the common shares, and net gains from the disposition of the common shares. Further, excess distributions treated as dividends, gains treated as excess distributions, and mark-to-market inclusions and deductions are all included in the calculation of net investment income.

Treasury regulations provide, subject to the election described in the following paragraph, that solely for purposes of this additional tax, that distributions of previously taxed income will be treated as dividends and included in net investment income subject to the additional 3.8% tax. Additionally, to determine the amount of any capital gain from the sale or other taxable disposition of common shares that will be subject to the additional tax on net investment income, a U.S. Holder who has made a QEF election will be required to recalculate its basis in the common shares excluding any QEF election basis adjustments.

Alternatively, a U.S. Holder may make an election which will be effective with respect to all interests in controlled foreign corporations and PFICs that are subject to a QEF election and that are held in that year or acquired in future years. Under this election, a U.S. Holder pays the additional 3.8% tax on QEF election income inclusions and on gains calculated after giving effect to related tax basis adjustments. U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates or trusts should consult their own tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to any of their income or gains in respect of the common shares.

U.S. Federal Income Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders

A beneficial owner of our common shares, other than a partnership or entity treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, that is not a U.S. Holder is referred to herein as a “Non-U.S. Holder.” Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on dividends received from us with respect to our common shares, unless that income is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States. In general, if the Non-U.S. Holder is entitled to the benefits of certain U.S. income tax treaties with respect to those dividends, that income is taxable only if it is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder in the United States.

Non-U.S. Holders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or withholding tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common shares, unless:

If the Non-U.S. Holder is engaged in a U.S. trade or business for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the income from the common shares, including dividends and the gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of the stock, that is effectively connected with the conduct of that trade or business will generally be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax in the same manner as discussed above relating to the general taxation of U.S. Holders. In addition, if you are a corporate Non-U.S. Holder, your earnings and profits that are attributable to the effectively connected income, which are subject to certain adjustments, may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, or at a lower rate as may be specified by an applicable U.S. income tax treaty.

Information Reporting with Respect to Foreign Financial Assets

U.S. individuals that own “specified foreign financial assets” (as defined in Section 6038D of the Code) with an aggregate fair market value exceeding certain threshold amounts generally are required to file an information report on IRS Form 8938 with respect to such assets with their tax returns. Significant penalties may apply to persons who fail to comply with these rules. Specified foreign financial assets include not only financial accounts maintained in foreign financial institutions, but also, unless held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions, any stock or security issued by a non-U.S. person, such as our common shares. Upon the issuance of future U.S. Treasury regulations, these information reporting requirements may apply to certain U.S. entities that own specified foreign financial assets. The failure to report information required under the current regulations could result in substantial penalties and in the extension of the statute of limitations with respect to federal income tax returns filed by a U.S. Holder. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these U.S. Treasury regulations for an investment in our common shares.

Special Reporting Requirements for Transfers to Foreign Corporations

A U.S. Holder that acquires common shares generally will be required to file IRS Form 926 with the IRS if (1) immediately after the acquisition such U.S. Holder, directly or indirectly, owns at least 10% of our common shares, or (2) the amount of cash transferred in exchange for common shares during the 12-month period ending on the date of the acquisition exceeds US$100,000. Significant penalties may apply for failing to satisfy these filing requirements. U.S. Holders are urged to contact their tax advisors regarding these filing requirements.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Dividends on and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of common shares may be reported to the IRS unless the U.S. Holder establishes a basis for exemption. Backup withholding may apply to amounts subject to reporting if (1) the U.S. holder fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number or otherwise establish a basis for exemption, (2) the U.S. Holder is notified by the IRS that backup withholding applies, or (3) the payment is described in certain other categories of persons.

If you sell your common shares through a U.S. office of a broker, the payment of the proceeds is subject to both U.S. backup withholding and information reporting unless you certify that you are a non-U.S. person, under penalties of perjury, or you otherwise establish an exemption. If you sell your common shares through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker and the sales proceeds are paid to you outside the United States, then information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to that payment. However, U.S. information reporting requirements, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales proceeds, even if that payment is made to you outside the United States, if you sell your common shares through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is a U.S. person or has certain other contacts with the United States, unless you certify that you are a non-U.S. person, under penalty of perjury, or you otherwise establish an exemption.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules generally will be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability if the required information is furnished by the U.S. Holder on a timely basis to the IRS.

The discussion of reporting requirements set forth above is not intended to constitute a complete description of all reporting requirements that may apply to a U.S. Holder or Non-U.S. Holder. A failure to satisfy certain reporting requirements may result in an extension of the time period during which the IRS can assess a tax and, under certain circumstances, such an extension may apply to assessments of amounts unrelated to any unsatisfied reporting requirement. U.S. Holders and Non-U.S. Holders should consult with their own tax advisors regarding their reporting obligations, if any, as a result of their acquisition, ownership, or disposition of our common shares.

THE DISCUSSION ABOVE IS A GENERAL SUMMARY. IT DOES NOT COVER ALL TAX MATTERS THAT MAY BE OF IMPORTANCE TO A U.S. HOLDER. EACH U.S. HOLDER IS URGED TO CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR ABOUT THE TAX CONSEQUENCES TO IT OF AN INVESTMENT IN COMMON SHARES IN LIGHT OF THE INVESTOR’S OWN CIRCUMSTANCES.

MATERIAL CANADIAN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following is, as of September 30, 2021, a summary of the principal Canadian federal income tax considerations under the Income Tax Act (Canada) (Tax Act) generally applicable to a holder of our common shares who, for purposes of the Tax Act and at all relevant times, is neither resident in Canada nor deemed to be resident in Canada for purposes of the Tax Act and any applicable income tax treaty or convention, and who does not use or hold (and is not deemed to use or hold) common shares in the course of carrying on a business in Canada, deals at arm’s length with and is not affiliated with us and holds our common shares as capital property (Holder). Generally, common shares will be considered to be capital property to a Holder thereof provided that the Holder does not hold common shares in the course of carrying on a business and such Holder has not acquired them in one or more transactions considered to be an adventure or concern in the nature of trade.

This summary does not apply to a Holder, (i) that is a “financial institution” for purposes of the mark-to-market rules contained in the Tax Act; (ii) that is a “specified financial institution” as defined in the Tax Act; (iii) that holds an interest which is a “tax shelter investment” as defined in the Tax Act; or (iv) that has elected to report its tax results in a functional currency other than Canadian currency. Special rules, which are not discussed in this summary, may apply to a Holder that is an “authorized foreign bank” within the meaning of the Tax Act, a partnership or an insurer carrying on business in Canada and elsewhere. Such Holders should consult their own tax advisors.

This summary is based upon the provisions of the Tax Act (including the regulations (Regulations) thereunder) in force as of September 30, 2021 and our understanding of the current administrative policies and assessing practices of the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) published in writing by the CRA prior to September 30, 2021. This summary takes into account all specific proposals to amend the Tax Act (and the Regulations) publicly announced by or on behalf of the Minister of Finance (Canada) prior to the date hereof (Tax Proposals) and assumes that the Tax Proposals will be enacted in the form proposed, although no assurance can be given that the Tax Proposals will be enacted in their current form or at all. This summary does not otherwise take into account any changes in law or in the administrative policies or assessing practices of the CRA, whether by legislative, governmental or judicial decision or action. This summary is not exhaustive of all possible Canadian federal income tax considerations and does not take into account other federal or any provincial, territorial or foreign income tax legislation or considerations, which may differ materially from those described in this summary.

This summary is of a general nature only and is not, and is not intended to be, and should not be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any particular Holder, and no representations concerning the tax consequences to any particular Holder are made. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the income tax considerations applicable to them having regard to their particular circumstances.

Dividends

Dividends paid or credited (or deemed to be paid or credited) to a Holder by us are subject to Canadian withholding tax at the rate of 25% unless reduced by the terms of an applicable tax treaty or convention. For example, under the US Treaty, as amended, the dividend withholding tax rate is generally reduced to 15% in respect of a dividend paid or credited to a Holder beneficially entitled to the dividend who is resident in the United States for purposes of the US Treaty and whose entitlement to the benefits of the US Treaty is not limited by the limitation of benefits provisions of the US Treaty. Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors to determine their entitlement to relief under the US Treaty or any other applicable tax treaty as well as their ability to claim foreign tax credits with respect to any Canadian withholding tax, based on their particular circumstances.

Disposition of Common Shares

A Holder generally will not be subject to tax under the Tax Act in respect of a capital gain realized on the disposition or deemed disposition of a common share, unless the common share constitutes or is deemed to constitute “taxable Canadian property” to the Holder thereof for purposes of the Tax Act, and the gain is not exempt from tax pursuant to the terms of an applicable tax treaty or convention.

In general, provided the common shares are listed on a “designated stock exchange” (which currently includes the Nasdaq Capital Market) at the date of the disposition, the common shares will only constitute “taxable Canadian property” of a Holder if, at any time within the 60-month period preceding the disposition: (i) such Holder, persons with whom the Holder did not deal at arm’s length, partnerships in which the Holder or a person with whom the Holder did not deal at arm’s length holds a membership interest directly or indirectly through one or more partnerships, or any combination thereof, owned 25% or more of the issued shares of any class or series of the Company’s share capital; and (ii) more than 50% of the fair market value of the common shares was derived directly or indirectly from one or any combination of (A) real or immovable property situated in Canada, (B) Canadian resource properties, (C) timber resource properties, and (D) options in respect of, or interests in, or for civil law rights in, property described in any of subparagraphs (ii)(A) to (C), whether or not the property exists. However, and despite the foregoing, in certain circumstances the common shares may be deemed to be “taxable Canadian property” under the Tax Act.

Holders whose common shares may be “taxable Canadian property” should consult their own tax advisers.

SELLING SHAREHOLDERS

We have prepared this prospectus to allow the selling shareholders to sell or otherwise dispose of, from time to time, up to 7,653,060 common shares.

On September 26, 2021, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with the selling shareholders, pursuant to which we issued and sold to the selling shareholders an aggregate of 7,653,060 newly issued common shares, for aggregate gross proceeds of $30 million. We issued the shares to the selling shareholders in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 promulgated thereunder. In connection with certain registration rights we granted to the selling shareholders in the Securities Purchase Agreement, we filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3, of which this prospectus forms a part, with respect to the resale or other disposition of the common shares offered from time to time by the selling shareholders under this prospectus.

The common shares offered under this prospectus may be offered from time to time by the selling shareholders named below or by any of their respective pledgees, donees, transferees or other successors-in-interest. As used in this prospectus, the term “selling shareholders” includes the selling shareholders identified below and any donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling shares received after the date of this prospectus from a selling shareholder as a gift, pledge or other non-sale related transfer. The selling shareholders named below acquired the common shares being offered under this prospectus directly from us.

The following table sets forth as of September 30, 2021: (1) the name of each selling shareholder for whom we are registering common shares under the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, (2) the number of common shares beneficially owned by each of the selling shareholders prior to the offering, determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, (3) the number of common shares that may be offered by each selling shareholder under this prospectus and (4) the number of common shares to be owned by each selling shareholder after completion of this offering. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the common shares offered under this prospectus. The amounts and information set forth below are based upon information provided to us by the selling shareholders or their representatives, or on our records, as of September 30, 2021. The percentage of beneficial ownership for the following table is based on 26,439,217 common shares outstanding as of September 30, 2021.

To our knowledge, except as indicated in the footnotes to this table, each shareholder named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to all common shares shown in the table to be beneficially owned by such shareholder. The inclusion of any shares in this table does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership by the person named below.

Except as described below, none of the selling shareholders has had any position, office or other material relationship with us or any of our predecessors or affiliates within the past three years. In addition, based on information provided to us, none of the selling shareholders that are affiliates of broker-dealers, if any, purchased the common shares outside the ordinary course of business or, at the time of their acquisition of such shares, had any agreements, understandings or arrangements with any other persons, directly or indirectly, to dispose of the shares.

The selling shareholders may have sold or transferred, in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, some or all of their common shares since the date on which the information in the table below is presented. Information about the selling shareholders may change over time and any changed information will be set forth in supplements to this prospectus to the extent required.

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Material Relationships Between Selling Shareholders and DiaMedica

Private Placement

On September 26, 2021, we entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement, with the selling shareholders, pursuant to which we issued and sold to the selling shareholders an aggregate of 7,653,060 newly issued common shares, for aggregate gross proceeds of $30 million. The Private Placement closed on September 28, 2021 at which time we entered into a Registration Rights Agreements with the selling shareholders.

Pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, we agreed to prepare and file with the SEC within 10 business days of the closing date a registration statement covering the resale of the common shares sold to the selling shareholders, and to use commercially reasonable best efforts to cause the registration statement to become effective within 30 days of the closing date in the event of no review by the SEC, or 75 days in the event of a review by the SEC. We agreed to use commercially reasonable best efforts to keep the registration statement effective until the date on which all of the common shares sold in the Private Placement are sold by the selling shareholders or are otherwise no longer “registrable securities” as defined in the registration rights agreement. We are registering the common shares to be sold by the selling shareholders under the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to satisfy our obligation under the Securities Purchase Agreement. If we fail to meet the specified filing deadlines or keep the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part effective, subject to certain permitted exceptions, we will be required to pay liquidated damages to the selling shareholders. We also agreed, among other things, to indemnify the selling shareholders from certain liabilities and to pay all fees and expenses incident to our performance of or compliance with the Registration Rights Agreement.

Agreements with Craig-Hallum Capital Group, LLC

In connection with DiaMedica’s initial public offering in December 2018, Craig-Hallum served as DiaMedica’s underwriter. Pursuant to the underwriting agreement between DiaMedica and Craig-Hallum, DiaMedica agreed to pay Craig-Hallum an underwriting discount equal to 6.5% of the price to public upon and subject to the closing of the initial public offering. Additionally, in connection with the successful completion of the initial public offering, for the price of $50, Craig-Hallum purchased a warrant to purchase common shares equal to 5.0% of the common shares sold in the initial public offering at an exercise price equal to 120% of the initial public offering price per share. Accordingly, DiaMedica issued a warrant to Craig-Hallum, dated December 11, 2018, to purchase up to 205,000 common shares at an exercise price of $4.80 per share. The warrant was exercisable beginning December 6, 2018, the date of the prospectus related to the initial public offering, and remains exercisable for a period of five years thereafter.

On May 12, 2019, DiaMedica entered into a strategic advisory services agreement with Craig-Hallum, pursuant to which DiaMedica agreed to pay Craig-Hallum a $5,000 per month cash fee.

On August 1, 2019 DiaMedica entered into an amendment to the strategic advisory services agreement with Craig-Hallum. Pursuant to this amendment DiaMedica agreed to issue Craig-Hallum a warrant to purchase up to 50,000 common shares in lieu of the $5,000 per month cash fee. Accordingly, DiaMedica issued a warrant to Craig-Hallum, dated October 1, 2019, to purchase up to 50,000 common shares at an exercise price of $4.00 per share. The warrant vested in eight quarterly installments of 6,250 shares beginning on October 1, 2019 and was fully vested as of July 1, 2021. The warrant expires on October 1, 2024.

On November 20, 2019, DiaMedica entered into a second amendment to the strategic advisory services agreement with Craig-Hallum. Pursuant to this amendment, DiaMedica issued an additional warrant to Craig-Hallum, dated September 11, 2020, to purchase up to 10,000 common shares at an exercise price of $4.00 per share. The warrant vested in four quarterly installments of 2,500 shares beginning on October 1, 2020 and was fully vested as of July 1, 2021. The warrant expires on October 1, 2024, which is five years after the date of issuance.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering the common shares issued to the selling shareholders to permit the resale of these common shares by the holders of the common shares from time to time after the date of this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale by the selling shareholders of the common shares. We will bear all fees and expenses incident to our obligation to register the common shares.

The selling shareholders may sell all or a portion of the common shares beneficially owned by them and offered hereby from time to time directly or through one or more underwriters, broker-dealers or agents. If the common shares are sold through underwriters or broker-dealers, the selling shareholders will be responsible for underwriting discounts or commissions or agent's commissions. The common shares may be sold on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale, in the over-the-counter market or in transactions otherwise than on these exchanges or systems or in the over-the-counter market and in one or more transactions at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. These sales may be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions. The selling shareholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares:

The selling shareholders also may resell all or a portion of the shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as permitted by that rule, or Section 4(a)(1) under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under this prospectus, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of those provisions.

Broker-dealers engaged by the selling shareholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate in sales. If the selling shareholders effect such transactions by selling common shares to or through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, such underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling shareholders or commissions from purchasers of the common shares for whom they may act as agent or to whom they may sell as principal. Such commissions will be in amounts to be negotiated, but, except as set forth in a supplement to this prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction will not be in excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with FINRA Rule 2440; and in the case of a principal transaction a markup or markdown in compliance with FINRA IM-2440.

In connection with sales of the common shares or otherwise, the selling shareholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the common shares in the course of hedging in positions they assume. The selling shareholders may also sell common shares and if such short sale shall take place after the date that this Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC, the selling shareholders may deliver common shares covered by this prospectus to close out short positions and to return borrowed shares in connection with such short sales. The selling shareholders may also loan or pledge common shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares, to the extent permitted by applicable law. The selling shareholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the selling shareholders have been advised that they may not use shares registered on this registration statement to cover short sales of our common shares made prior to the date the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part, has been declared effective by the SEC.

The selling shareholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the common shares owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the common shares from time to time pursuant to this prospectus or any amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, amending, if necessary, the list of selling shareholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling shareholders under this prospectus. The selling shareholders also may transfer and donate the common shares in other circumstances in which case the transferees, donees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.

The selling shareholders and any broker-dealer or agents participating in the distribution of the common shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions paid, or any discounts or concessions allowed to, any such broker-dealer or agent and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. Selling Shareholders who are "underwriters" within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the applicable prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act including Rule 172 thereunder and may be subject to certain statutory liabilities of, including but not limited to, Sections 11, 12 and 17 of the Securities Act and Rule 10b-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the common shares being offered by this prospectus has been passed upon for us by Pushor Mitchell LLP, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements incorporated into this prospectus by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, as amended, have been audited by Baker Tilly US, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. Their report, which is incorporated herein by reference, expresses an unqualified opinion on the consolidated financial statements. Such consolidated financial statements have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public through the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. You may also read and copy any document we file with the SEC at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about its public reference facilities and their copy charges.

We also file annual audited and interim unaudited financial statements, proxy statements and other information with the Ontario, Manitoba, Québec, Alberta and British Columbia Securities Commissions. Copies of these documents that are filed through the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval of the Canadian Securities Administrators are available at its website www.sedar.com.

In addition, we maintain a website that contains information regarding our company, including copies of reports, proxy statements and other information we file with the SEC. The address of our website is www.diamedica.com. Except for the documents specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus, information contained on our website or that can be accessed through our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus. We have included our website address only as an inactive textual reference and do not intend it to be an active link to our website.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus. When used in this prospectus, the term “registration statement” includes amendments to the registration statement as well as the exhibits, schedules, financial statements and notes filed as part of the registration statement. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information in the registration statement. This prospectus omits information contained in the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information with respect to us and the common shares and other securities that may be offered by this prospectus, reference is made to the registration statement. Statements herein concerning the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement, each such statement being qualified by and subject to such reference in all respects.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with them. This allows us to disclose important information to you by referencing those filed documents. We have previously filed the documents set forth below with the SEC and are incorporating them by reference into this prospectus. Our SEC file no. is 001‑36291.

We also are incorporating by reference any future information filed (rather than furnished) by us with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and before the effective date of the registration statement and after the date of this prospectus until the termination of the offering. The most recent information that we file with the SEC automatically updates and supersedes more dated information.

You may access our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statement, and amendments, if any, to those documents filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act with the SEC free of charge at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Except for the documents specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus, information contained on our website or that can be accessed through our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus. We have included our website address only as an inactive textual reference and do not intend it to be an active link to our website.

You can obtain a copy of any documents which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus, except for exhibits which are not specifically incorporated by reference into those documents, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at:

DiaMedica Therapeutics Inc.

Two Carlson Parkway, Suite 260

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55447

Attention: Secretary

(763) 312-6755

DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITY

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.

7,653,060 Common Shares

, 2021

PART II — INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

The following table sets forth all expenses payable by the registrant in connection with the sale of our common shares being registered. All the amounts shown are estimates except the SEC registration fee.

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

British Columbia Law

Under Section 160 of the British Columbia Business Corporations Act (BCBCA), we may indemnify an eligible party including, but not limited to, a current or former director or officer of ours; a current or former director or officer of another corporation: (i) at a time when the corporation is or was an affiliate of ours, or (ii) at our request; or, an individual who, at our request, is or was, or holds or held, a position equivalent to that of a director or officer of a partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity against all judgments, penalties or fines awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of a proceeding in which an eligible party or any of the heirs and personal or other legal representatives of the eligible party, by reason of such party having been a director or officer of, or holding or having held a position equivalent to that of a director or officer of, the Company or an associated corporation, to which such party is or may be liable. Indemnification will be prohibited if (i) giving indemnity or paying expenses is or was prohibited by the Company’s Articles, (ii) if in relation to the subject matter of the eligible proceeding, the eligible party did not act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company or the associated corporation, as the case may be, or (iii) in the case of an eligible proceeding other than a civil proceeding, if the eligible party did not have reasonable grounds for believing that the eligible party’s conduct in respect of which the proceeding was brought was lawful. The BCBCA also provides, under Section 162, that we may also advance moneys to an eligible party for expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such a proceeding; however, prior to making any such advance, the Company must receive from the eligible party a written undertaking that if it is ultimately determined that the payment of expenses is prohibited by either conditions (i), (ii) or (iii) above, the eligible party will repay the amounts advanced.

DiaMedica’s Notice of Articles and Articles

Our Articles provide that we shall indemnify, and pay expenses either as they are incurred in advance of the final disposition of an eligible proceeding or after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding of, a current or former director, and his or her heirs and legal personal representatives, or any person designated by the company, in accordance with, and to the fullest extent and in all circumstances permitted by, the BCBCA.

The foregoing description of our Articles is only a summary and is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the foregoing.

Indemnification Agreements

We entered into and, in the future, will enter into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors in respect of any legal claims or actions initiated against them in their capacity as officers and directors of us or our subsidiaries in accordance with applicable law. These agreements include bearing the reasonable cost of legal representation in any legal or regulatory action in which they may become involved in their capacity as our officers and directors. Pursuant to such indemnities, we bear the cost of the representation of certain officers and directors.

Insurance Policies

We maintain insurance for certain liabilities incurred by our directors and officers in their capacity with us or our subsidiaries.

SEC’s Position on Indemnification

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable.

Item 16.         Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(b)         Financial Statement Schedules

Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

Item 17. Undertakings

(a)         The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(1)         To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i)         To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii)         To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

(iii)         To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (ii) and (iii) shall not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

(2)         That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3)         To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(b)         The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c)         Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Minneapolis, State of Minnesota on October 5, 2021.

POWER OF ATTORNEY

We, the undersigned directors and officers of DiaMedica Therapeutics Inc., hereby severally constitute and appoint Rick Pauls and Scott Kellen, and each of them, our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, with the powers of substitution and revocation, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments or any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933) to this Registration Statement on Form S-3, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto such attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming that all such attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement and power of attorney have been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated: